Mediterranean Sea

       
        

                               Mediterranean Sea


The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean surrounded by the Mediterranean region and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Anatolia and Europe, on the south by North Africa, and on the east by the Levant. The sea is sometimes considered a part of the Atlantic Ocean, although it is usually identified as a completely separate body of water.
The name Mediterranean is derived from the Latin mediterraneus, meaning "inland" or "in the middle of the earth" (from medius, "middle" andterra, "earth"). It covers an approximate area of 2.5 million km² (965,000 sq mi), but its connection to the Atlantic (the Strait of Gibraltar) is only 14 km (8.7 mi) wide. In oceanography, it is sometimes called the Eurafrican Mediterranean Sea or the European Mediterranean Sea to distinguish it from mediterranean seas elsewhere.[2][3]
The Mediterranean Sea has an average depth of 1,500 m (4,900 ft) and the deepest recorded point is 5,267 m (17,280 ft) in the Calypso Deep in the Ionian Sea.
It was an important route for merchants and travelers of ancient times that allowed for trade and cultural exchange between emergent peoples of the region — the Mesopotamian, Persian, Egyptian, Phoenician, Carthaginian, Iberian, Greek and Byzantine, Roman and Italian,Illyrian, Thracian, Levantine, Gallic, Armenian, Arabic, Berber, Jewish, Aragonese, Slavic and Turkish cultures. The history of the Mediterranean region is crucial to understanding the origins and development of many modern societies. "For the three quarters of the globe, the Mediterranean Sea is similarly the uniting element and the centre of World History."[4]

Coordinates :35°N 18°E
Surface area2,500,000 km2 (970,000 sq mi)
Average depth1,500 m (4,900 ft)
Max depth5,267 m (17,280 ft)
Residence time(of Ocean water)80-100 years

                                       Sea temperature (°C)
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Marseille [2]131211131618212221181614
Barcelona [3]131312141720232523201715
Valencia [4]141314151721242624211815
Naples [5]151414151822252725221916
Málaga [6]161515161720222322201816
Gibraltar [7]161516161720222222201817
Athens [8]161515161821242424211918
Heraklion [9]161515161922242524222018
Malta [10]161615161821242625232118
Larnaca [11]181717182024262727252219
Limassol [12]181717182024262727252219
Antalya [13]171717182124272827252219
Alexandria [14]181717182023252626252220
Tel Aviv [15]181717182124262827262320
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